對(duì)于經(jīng)常點(diǎn)外賣的你，是不是有這樣的疑問，紙質(zhì)餐盒、塑料餐盒、飲料杯，以及木筷，這些一次性餐具安全嗎？

　　For those of you who frequently order takeout, do you have the question of whether disposable tableware such as paper meal boxes, plastic meal boxes, beverage cups, and wooden chopsticks are safe?

　　有時(shí)外賣的飯菜涼了，還要用微波爐加熱，會(huì)不會(huì)存在有害物質(zhì)？

　　Sometimes the food for takeout gets cold and needs to be heated in a microwave. Is there any harmful substance present?

　　本期《專家有話說》將請(qǐng)江蘇省食藥安委食品安全專委會(huì)委員、南京市產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗(yàn)院正高級(jí)工程師申蓉為我們答疑解惑。

　　In this issue of 'Expert Talks', we will invite Shen Rong, a member of the Food Safety Special Committee of Jiangsu Provincial Food and Drug Safety Commission and a senior engineer of Nanjing Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, to answer our questions and clarify our doubts.

　　一

　　one

　　網(wǎng)絡(luò)餐飲涉及的餐飲具分類

　　Classification of tableware involved in online catering

　　主要可分為3個(gè)大類：

　　It can be mainly divided into three categories:

　　1.食品接觸用紙及紙制品，如紙盒、紙碗、紙杯、紙吸管等；

　　1. Food contact paper and paper products, such as paper boxes, paper bowls, paper cups, paper straws, etc;

　　2.塑料一次性餐飲具，如塑料打包盒、塑料盒蓋、塑料叉/勺/吸管等；

　　2. Disposable plastic tableware, such as plastic packaging boxes, plastic box covers, plastic forks/spoons/straws, etc;

　　3.一次性竹木筷，如竹筷、木筷。

　　3. Disposable bamboo and wooden chopsticks, such as bamboo chopsticks and wooden chopsticks.

　　二

　　two

　　一次性餐飲具可能存在的食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

　　Possible food safety risks associated with disposable tableware

　　因材質(zhì)不同、特性不同，一次性餐飲具可能存在的食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)主要有：

　　Due to different materials and characteristics, the potential food safety risks of disposable tableware mainly include:

　　1.熒光性物質(zhì)、二氧化硫不合格。使用劣質(zhì)原料或不合格的回收材料生產(chǎn)的紙質(zhì)餐具、一次性筷子，往往通過添加熒光增白劑、硫化物用于“美化”外觀，造成熒光性物質(zhì)、二氧化硫不合格，可能對(duì)人體健康帶來危害。

　　1. Fluorescent substances and sulfur dioxide are not qualified. Paper tableware and disposable chopsticks produced using inferior raw materials or substandard recycled materials are often beautified by adding fluorescent whitening agents and sulfides, resulting in substandard fluorescent substances and sulfur dioxide, which may pose a threat to human health.

　　2.大腸菌群、霉菌等微生物不合格。餐飲具如果滅菌不徹底，或是存放過程中受到污染，導(dǎo)致微生物超標(biāo)，可能會(huì)引起消費(fèi)者嘔吐、腹瀉，及腸胃感染。

　　2. The coliform bacteria, mold and other microorganisms are not qualified. If tableware is not thoroughly sterilized or contaminated during storage, resulting in excessive microorganisms, it may cause consumers to vomit, diarrhea, and gastrointestinal infections.

　　3.負(fù)重性能、跌落性能、杯身挺度不合格。質(zhì)量不符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的餐具，很有可能在使用過程中破損破裂，不僅會(huì)污染食物，也可能會(huì)燙傷消費(fèi)者。

　　3. The load-bearing performance, drop performance, and cup body stiffness are not qualified. Tableware that does not meet the quality standards is likely to be damaged or broken during use, which not only pollutes the food but may also burn consumers.

　　4.標(biāo)簽標(biāo)識(shí)不規(guī)范。如未標(biāo)注“食品接觸用”等用語或圖形、未進(jìn)行材質(zhì)或使用溫度提示、產(chǎn)品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)標(biāo)注錯(cuò)誤等不僅會(huì)帶來追溯難的問題，還會(huì)誤導(dǎo)使用者，從而產(chǎn)生食品安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

　　4. The label identification is not standardized. Failure to label terms or graphics such as "for food contact", failure to provide material or temperature warnings, and incorrect labeling of product standards can not only lead to difficulties in tracing, but also mislead users, resulting in food safety risks.

　　三

　　three

　　一次性餐飲具使用提示

　　Usage tips for disposable tableware

　　1.一看二聞三摸。

　　1. Look, smell, and touch.

　　收到外賣餐食后，注意觀察塑料餐飲具底部帶箭頭的三角形標(biāo)志，其數(shù)字代表了器皿的材質(zhì)（見下表），不同材質(zhì)的塑料餐盒有不同的使用溫度，以避免因使用不當(dāng)導(dǎo)致餐盒變形、開裂或釋放有害物質(zhì)。

　　After receiving takeout meals, pay attention to the triangular symbol with an arrow at the bottom of the plastic tableware, which represents the material of the container (see table below). Plastic lunch boxes of different materials have different operating temperatures to avoid deformation, cracking, or release of harmful substances due to improper use.

　　合格的一次性餐飲具僅憑鼻子應(yīng)聞不到異味，如果一次性筷子用硫磺熏過，會(huì)有一股淡淡的酸味，最好不要使用。

　　Qualified disposable tableware should not have any odor detected by the nose alone. If disposable chopsticks have been smoked with sulfur, there will be a slight sour taste, so it is best not to use them.

　　符合要求的一次性餐飲具表面光滑平整、厚薄均勻，且無雜質(zhì)，若遇到毛糙、色澤不均的餐飲具，盡量避免食用其中的食品。

　　Disposable tableware that meets the requirements should have a smooth and even surface, uniform thickness, and no impurities. If encountering rough or uneven colored tableware, try to avoid consuming the food inside as much as possible.

　　表：一次性塑料餐飲具的常用原料及使用事項(xiàng)

　　Table: Common raw materials and usage items for disposable plastic tableware

　　2.謹(jǐn)慎使用微波爐復(fù)熱。

　　2. Use microwave oven for reheating with caution.

　　外賣食品最好現(xiàn)點(diǎn)現(xiàn)食，若要使用微波爐復(fù)熱時(shí)應(yīng)注意，餐盒標(biāo)識(shí)上是否為PP（聚丙烯）材質(zhì)，或是否有可使用微波爐加熱的標(biāo)注（PP材質(zhì)的熔點(diǎn)為167℃，是可以使用微波加熱的一次性餐盒，外包裝標(biāo)注為5號(hào)）。需注意有些餐盒的盒身為5號(hào)PP材質(zhì)，盒蓋可能是1號(hào)PE材質(zhì)，則盒蓋不能微波加熱。若在加熱后餐盒變形或產(chǎn)生異味，請(qǐng)不要食用餐盒中的食品。

　　It is best to order takeout food immediately. When using a microwave oven for reheating, attention should be paid to whether the food box label is made of PP (polypropylene) material or whether there is a label indicating that it can be heated in a microwave oven (PP material has a melting point of 167 ℃ and is a disposable food box that can be heated in a microwave oven. The outer packaging is labeled as size 5). It should be noted that some meal boxes have a body made of No. 5 PP material, and the lid may be made of No. 1 PE material, so the lid cannot be microwave heated. If the food box deforms or produces an odor after heating, please do not consume the food in the box.

　　3.不建議重復(fù)使用。

　　3. It is not recommended to reuse.

　　一次性餐飲具經(jīng)反復(fù)盛裝食品會(huì)影響其耐用指標(biāo)，故不建議消費(fèi)者重復(fù)使用，特別是曾放過油脂較大或高溫食品的餐飲具，建議即用即棄。

　　Disposable tableware that has been repeatedly used to hold food can affect its durability index, so it is not recommended for consumers to reuse it, especially tableware that has been used to hold high-fat or high-temperature food. It is recommended to use it immediately and discard it.

　　本文由  一次性外賣打包盒 友情奉獻(xiàn).更多有關(guān)的知識(shí)請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊  http://www.xracz.cn/   真誠的態(tài)度.為您提供為全面的服務(wù).更多有關(guān)的知識(shí)我們將會(huì)陸續(xù)向大家奉獻(xiàn).敬請(qǐng)期待.

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